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Suppose there exists a new airline named Jetco that flies domestically across North America. Jetco recently had a study commissioned that tested the boarding time of every airline, and it came out that Jetco had the fastest average boarding times of any airline.

What factors could have biased this result, and what would you look into?

What could potentially bias the average boarding time in favor of an airline that only flies domestically?

What could potentially bias the average boarding time in favor of an airline that only flies domestically?

Boarding Times Bias

A new airline came out as the fastest average boarding times compared to other airlines.  What factors could have biased this result and what would you look into?

You are testing hundreds of hypotheses with many t-tests. What considerations should be made?

What is a key disadvantage of the F-test when compared to multiple t-tests?

What is a key disadvantage of the F-test when compared to multiple t-tests?

Hundreds of Hypotheses

You are testing hundreds of hypotheses with many t-tests. What considerations should be made?

Let’s say you work for a social media company that has just done a launch in a new city. Looking at weekly metrics, you see a slow decrease in the average number of comments per user from January to March in this city.

The company has been consistently growing new users in the city from January to March.

What are some reasons why the average number of comments per user would be decreasing and what metrics would you look into?

What metric could be used to measure if active users are still engaging on the platform despite an overall decrease in the average number of comments per user?

What metric could be used to measure if active users are still engaging on the platform despite an overall decrease in the average number of comments per user?

Decreasing Comments

How would you investigate a decline in the average number of comments per user?

Company Description INFICON is a leading provider of innovative instrumentation, critical sensor technologies, and Smart Manufacturing/Industry 4.0 software solutions that enhance productivity and quality of tools, processes, and complete factories. These analysis, measurement and control products are essential for gas leak detection in air conditioning/refrigeration and automotive manufacturing. They are vital to equipment manufacturers and end-users in the complex fabrication of semiconductors and thin film coatings for optics, flat panel displays, solar cells and industrial vacuum coating applications. Other users of our vacuum-based processes include the life sciences, research, aerospace, packaging, heat treatment, laser cutting and many other industrial processes. We also leverage our expertise in vacuum technology to provide unique, toxic chemical analysis products for emergency response, security, and environmental health and safety. Job Description We are seeking a dynamic and forward-thinking Electrical Engineering Manager to lead a team of talented engineers in designing, developing, and delivering innovative electrical systems and solutions. These systems and solutions require high precision power supply control, evaluation of sensor signals, analog circuit technology, measurement of currents in the nanoampere range, and measurement of capacitances in the femtofarad range. This role requires a strong technical foundation, a passion for Agile methodologies, and a commitment to fostering a growth mindset across the team. Qualifications Key Responsibilities Team Leadership & DevelopmentCoach, mentor, and inspire a team of electrical engineers. Foster a culture of continuous learning, psychological safety, and innovation. Promote a growth mindset by encouraging experimentation, feedback, and resilience. Project & Process ManagementDrive Agile practices such as Scrum or Kanban to ensure iterative development and rapid delivery. Collaborate cross-functionally with software, mechanical, and product teams to align on goals and timelines. Oversee project scope, resources, and timelines while maintaining high-quality standards. Technical OversightProvide technical guidance in design of sensor electronics, precision analog electronics, signal processing, high precision power supplies, embedded systems, component selection, PCB design and compliance standards. Review and approve engineering designs, documentation, and test plans. Maintain and execute a sustaining plan to ensure the long-term reliability and performance of existing products and systems. Manage the component lifecycle, from selection and procurement to end-of-life (EOL) and obsolescence, mitigating risks and ensuring a stable supply chain. Stay current with emerging technologies and industry trends to guide strategic selections. Stakeholder EngagementCommunicate effectively with internal and external stakeholders. Translate business needs into engineering solutions. Advocate for engineering excellence and continuous improvement. Qualifications Bachelor's or Master's degree in Electrical Engineering or related field. 7+ years of experience in electrical engineering, with 2+ years in a leadership role. Proven experience with Agile methodologies and leading cross-functional teams. Strong comprehension of electrical design tools, simulation software, and compliance standards. Excellent communication, collaboration, and problem-solving skills. Preferred Attributes Certification in Agile (e.g., Scrum Master, SAFe). Experience in product development lifecycle from concept to production. Passion for mentoring and developing engineering talent. Ability to thrive in a fast-paced, evolving environment. Additional information For New York, the expected salary range for this position is between $110k and $162k per year. In addition, INFICON employees are eligible for a profit sharing bonus with a target of 10%. The actual compensation will be determined based on experience, location, and other factors permitted by law. INFICON provides a dynamic work environment that promotes diversity, equity, and inclusion. Our employees experience ongoing green initiatives, flexible work hours, and a variety of health and wellness programs. INFICON's forward-thinking approach offers countless opportunities to design, support, and manufacture a diverse product portfolio that expands globally. Our Lean and Agile work environment offers competitive compensation, relocation assistance, a discretionary bonus, and generous employee benefits; major medical, dental, health, vision, 401K, vacation and sick time, tuition reimbursement, and more! INFICON is committed to ensuring that our online application process provides an equal opportunity to all job seekers that apply without regard to race, religion, ethnicity, national origin, citizenship, gender, age, protected veteran status, disability status, genetic information, sexual orientation, or any other protected characteristic. A notice describing Federal equal employment opportunity laws is available here to reaffirm this commitment. Any contact that would like to request a reasonable accommodation to participate in the application process should contact us.careers@inficon.com. INFICON, Inc. strictly complies with all aspects of the Export Administration Regulations ('EAR'), including those sections dealing with deemed exports to foreign nationals. recblid ghy23c348emh6f6zkjkji43cwp54c1

<h3>Job Description</h3><div>Job Description<div>Company Description INFICON is a leading provider of innovative instrumentation, critical sensor technologies, and Smart Manufacturing/Industry 4.0 software solutions that enhance productivity and quality of tools, processes, and complete factories. These analysis, measurement and control products are essential for gas leak detection in air conditioning/refrigeration and automotive manufacturing. They are vital to equipment manufacturers and end-users in the complex fabrication of semiconductors and thin film coatings for optics, flat panel displays, solar cells and industrial vacuum coating applications. Other users of our vacuum-based processes include the life sciences, research, aerospace, packaging, heat treatment, laser cutting and many other industrial processes. We also leverage our expertise in vacuum technology to provide unique, toxic chemical analysis products for emergency response, security, and environmental health and safety.Job Description We are seeking a dynamic and forward-thinking Electrical Engineering Manager to lead a team of talented engineers in designing, developing, and delivering innovative electrical systems and solutions. These systems and solutions require high precision power supply control, evaluation of sensor signals, analog circuit technology, measurement of currents in the nanoampere range, and measurement of capacitances in the femtofarad range. This role requires a strong technical foundation, a passion for Agile methodologies, and a commitment to fostering a growth mindset across the team.Qualifications Key Responsibilities<ul><li>Team Leadership & Development<ul><li>Coach, mentor, and inspire a team of electrical engineers.</li><li>Foster a culture of continuous learning, psychological safety, and innovation.</li><li>Promote a growth mindset by encouraging experimentation, feedback, and resilience.</li></ul></li><li>Project & Process Management<ul><li>Drive Agile practices such as Scrum or Kanban to ensure iterative development and rapid delivery.</li><li>Collaborate cross-functionally with software, mechanical, and product teams to align on goals and timelines.</li><li>Oversee project scope, resources, and timelines while maintaining high-quality standards.</li></ul></li><li>Technical Oversight<ul><li>Provide technical guidance in design of sensor electronics, precision analog electronics, signal processing, high precision power supplies, embedded systems, component selection, PCB design and compliance standards.</li><li>Review and approve engineering designs, documentation, and test plans.</li><li>Maintain and execute a sustaining plan to ensure the long-term reliability and performance of existing products and systems.</li><li>Manage the component lifecycle, from selection and procurement to end-of-life (EOL) and obsolescence, mitigating risks and ensuring a stable supply chain.</li><li>Stay current with emerging technologies and industry trends to guide strategic selections.</li></ul></li><li>Stakeholder Engagement<ul><li>Communicate effectively with internal and external stakeholders.</li><li>Translate business needs into engineering solutions.</li><li>Advocate for engineering excellence and continuous improvement.</li></ul></li></ul>Qualifications<ul><li>Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering or related field.</li><li>7+ years of experience in electrical engineering, with 2+ years in a leadership role.</li><li>Proven experience with Agile methodologies and leading cross-functional teams.</li><li>Strong comprehension of electrical design tools, simulation software, and compliance standards.</li><li>Excellent communication, collaboration, and problem-solving skills.</li></ul>Preferred Attributes<ul><li>Certification in Agile (e.g., Scrum Master, SAFe).</li><li>Experience in product development lifecycle from concept to production.</li><li>Passion for mentoring and developing engineering talent.</li><li>Ability to thrive in a fast-paced, evolving environment.</li></ul> Additional Information For New York, the expected salary range for this position is between $110k and $162k per year. In addition, INFICON employees are eligible for a profit sharing bonus with a target of 10%.  The actual compensation will be determined based on experience, location, and other factors permitted by law.<div></div>INFICON provides a dynamic work environment that promotes diversity, equity, and inclusion. Our employees experience ongoing green initiatives, flexible work hours, and a variety of health and wellness programs.INFICON’s forward-thinking approach offers countless opportunities to design, support, and manufacture a diverse product portfolio that expands globally. Our Lean and Agile work environment offers competitive compensation, relocation assistance, a discretionary bonus, and generous employee benefits; major medical, dental, health, vision, 401K, vacation and sick time, tuition reimbursement, and more!INFICON is committed to ensuring that our online application process provides an equal opportunity to all job seekers that apply without regard to race, religion, ethnicity, national origin, citizenship, gender, age, protected veteran status, disability status, genetic information, sexual orientation, or any other protected characteristic. A notice describing Federal equal employment opportunity laws is available here to reaffirm this commitment.   Any contact that would like to request a reasonable accommodation to participate in the application process should contact us.careers@inficon.com.INFICON, Inc. strictly complies with all aspects of the Export Administration Regulations ('EAR'), including those sections dealing with deemed exports to foreign nationals.</div></div>

Question	Topic	Difficulty	Ask Chance
Boarding Times Bias	Statistics	Medium	Very High
Hundreds of Hypotheses	Statistics	Medium	Very High
Decreasing Comments	Product Metrics	Easy	Very High

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